The majority of homes are fed with a domestic water supply which provides “hard water”. Hard water is simply a designation which is applied to water which has a relatively high level of dissolved minerals in it. The two most important minerals are calcium and magnesium. There is absolutely no health risk associated with hard water – but it can have an impact on both the efficiency and lifespan of domestic appliances.

As a consequence of hard water, mineral deposits can be laid down in water pipes and a range of household appliances. Household appliances which use hot or boiling water are especially at risk as heating the water frees the minerals it contains which then solidify as “scale”. Coffee makers, kettles, steam irons, dishwashers and washing machines are all prone to this effect – as are household central heating systems and boilers.

The amounts of minerals that are released depend upon a number of different variables. One of these is temperature – the higher the temperature of the water, the more minerals will be released and the more scale will form. Running central heating systems, washing machines and dishwashers at lower temperature settings will reduce the amount of scale deposited and ensure that these appliances operate efficiently and have a long lifetime. Some soaps and detergents contain anti-scaling ingredients and these can also help to minimise scaling.

With appliances such as kettles, coffee makers and steam irons, it’s not really practical to operate at lower temperatures. However, some kettles include filters – which can help to prevent various minerals getting into the sensitive heater elements. Many modern irons now come complete with removable anti-scale traps which gather the scale deposits for easy cleaning just by flushing it under running water. It’s also possible to get a variety of anti-scale chemicals and cleaners which can be used to clean your appliances periodically.

There may be no health problems as a result of a hard water supply, but some people will dislike the flavour of hot drinks and food prepared using this. In this case, a water filter could be used. Various types exist, ranging from simple jug type filters to on tap, under sink and even whole house filters. They are all effective, cheaper than you might imagine and relatively quick to install.

Whilst it may seem like a bit of an inconvenience, it’s well worth taking a little effort to combat the effects of a hard water supply. Apart from improved efficiency of domestic appliances, using the right detergents, operating at a lower water temperature and occasional cleaning will save you money and extend the life of your household goods.

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