You can find three styles of automatic doorway closer available in the market nowadays. Based on the weight from the door and how you want use it there is a right type of door better for you to select from. The most popular style may be the spring loaded doorway better or hinge pin doorway closer which are good for light applications.
Best for light weight doors like outdoor patio doors that is normally constructed of lightweight aluminum body with mesh screen overlaying nearly half of it. This door closer is often constructed of aluminum tubing or cylinder with only the push rod exposed while the spring is covered on the inside. The concept used is very simple, a spring system pulls the door with a small tension and whenever you open it further tension from the string is generated which force the doorway to close when released. The common problem with spring loaded door closer is that the push rod could be very easily twisted if not mounted correctly or if you open the door too much. Also the piston rod bearing or bushing at the front end which absorbed the linear load wears overtime.
Another type of door closer is the pneumatic door closer. They’re really similar to their spring loaded cousins with regard to load capability and overall look. It also employs the same aluminum tube frame and has a piston rod. The primary difference is that it utilizes pressurized air instead of springs that is generated when you open the door compressing the air within then pulls and close the door whenever you release it. Also the internal construction is a bit different.
Within the spring loaded door closer there is no rubber seal at the piston or it isn’t air tight while in pneumatic doorway closer, a rubber seal is installed to avoid the air from getting out. Without the rubber seal to maintain the air pressure or when it is damaged will make the product ineffective. Furthermore the inner surface of the aluminum cylinder is mirror polished for smooth functioning and to increase the life of the rubber seal and also the product itself. Since the air is compressible this form of door closer has the tendency of slamming the door if not correctly adjusted.
The last kind of automatic door closer is the hydraulic oil filled door closer. This form is the most dependable and toughest among the 3. It also has a very different construction and mounting structure compared to the other. While the spring loaded and pneumatic door closer is installed in the side of the door, close to the hinge, the hydraulic kind is applied at the top part of the door. It’s ideal to use in heavy weight doors and is normally applied in entrance doors or main doors. The closing speed is adjustable using the turn of the screw. With the mounting template (to mark holes for drilling) and installation instruction bundled within the package making it quite simple to set up (drill necessary) and doesn’t require a professional to do them. Not like pneumatic air, hydraulic fluid is not compressible, so, it is possible to modify the closing of the door at a really low speed and smoothly.
There are also some other forms of automatic door closer like the motorized automatic door closer. Really it is not only for closing but for opening too that is very convenient for hands free, disabled and handicap access. This system uses a 24 VDC motor to operate and controlled by a microprocessor which allows you to open and close the door both by hand and automatically. The encoder that is coupled to the DC motor detects the angle of the door at all times, meaning the encoder can identify if the door is open and how a lot and responds consequently. In contrast to non electric door better it is more expensive and value around 1.5k USD and probably difficult to maintain because of too many moving parts and definitely required a professional technician to install.
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